]-\-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]m-t»m ]n-¡ m-tkm, A-K-sÌ tdm- Un³, N-e-¨n-{X kw-hn-[m-b-I³ gm-Mv-þ-ep-Iv sKm- ZmÀ-Zv F-¶n-h-cp-sS ZÀ-i-\-§ -fm {]-tNm-Zn-X-\m-b A-t±-lw, ]-c-¼-cm-K-X A-¡ m-Z-an-Iv co-Xn-I-sf X- Ån-¡ -f-ª
]p-Xn-sbm-cp X-e-ap-d-bv-¡ v h-gn-Im-«n. 1989 Un-kw-_À 26þ-\v Ir-jv-W-Ip-am-dn-sâ B-ß-l- Xy-tbm-sS dm-k-bp-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\-§ Ä \n-e-¨p. F- ¶m-epw C-´y³ k-a-Im-en-I I-e-bn B {]-Øm- \w H-cp am-bm-ap-{Z _m-¡ n-sh-¨n-«p-v.
dm-Un-¡  {]-Øm-\w A-h-ti-jn-¸n-¨ a-lm-]m-c-¼-cy-¯n-sâ Xp-SÀ-¨ ]p-Xn-b Im-e-¯n-epw DuÀ-P-kz-e-am-bn \n-e- \nÂ-¡ p-¶p-v. I-cn-¡ p-t¼mÄ X-s¶, \n-e-hn-ep-Å ku-μ-cy-im- Iq-S-Ãq-cn \n-s¶m-cp Nn-{X-Im-c-\pw kv-{X-]-c-hpw cm-{ão-b-hp-am-b am-\-Z-Þ-§ -sf tNm-Zyw sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\pw Du-¶Â \Â-In. A-_- a-e-bm-f-km-ln-Xy- \o-{μ-\m-Y Sm-tKmÀ, _w-KmÄ k-v-IqÄ Xp-S-§ n-b ¯n e-Ï-{]-Xn-jvT-\m-b tZ-io-b I-em-Im-c-·m-cp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«]p-\-cp- Fw.Sn. hm-kp-tZ-h³-\m-bÀ °m-\-hm-Z-s¯ A-hÀ \n-cm-I-cn-¨p. ]-I-cw, H-cp F-¶ F-gp-¯p-Im-c³ P-\nt]m-Ìv-þ-sIm-tfm-Wn-b ]-Ým-¯-e-¯n Z-cn- ¨ A-tX \m-«n-epw ho-«n-ep-am- {Z-cp-sS Po-hn-X-s¯ {]-Xn-^-en-¸n-¡ p-¶-Xn-\m-bn Wv \n-f-bp-sS Xo-c-¯p-\n- Xp-Wn-bpw ¹m-Ì-dpw t]m-ep-Å hn-e-Ip-d-ª
C- ¶p-bÀ-¶v B-[p-\n-I C- X-c h-kv-Xp-¡ Ä D-]-tbm-Kn-¡ m³ A-hÀ ap³-K- ´y³ Nn-{X-I-e-bn X-\-Xm- W-\ \Â-In. BÀ-«v amÀ-¡ -än-t\-bpw I-e-sb H- b C-S-ap-m-¡ n-b A-Nypcp N-c-¡ m-¡ n am-äp-¶ co-Xn-tb-bpw X-Ån-¡ -f- X³ Iq-S-Ãq-cpw P-\n-¡ p-¶- ª p-sIm-v hn-¹-h-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-Xpw km-aq-ln- Xv. s]m-¶m-\n-bp-sS Zr-iy-I- I-t_m-[w ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶-Xp-am-b H-cp I-em-{]- em N-cn-{X-¯n A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸-tS-
A-t±-l-¯n-sâ D-Ån Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-cw ss^³ BÀ-Sv-kv tIm-tf- Ip-«n-¡ m-ew sXm-t«]-Xn-ª -Xv `m-c-X-¸p-g-bp-sS Xp- Pn-se ]T-\-Im-e-¯v Ir-jv-W-Ip-am-dpw A-e-I-v-kv cp-¯p-I-fpw \m-«n³-]p-d-s¯ ]-¨-¸pw E-Xp-t`-Z-§ - am-Xyp-hpw kp-lr-¯p-¡ -fpw 1975þ-se A-Sn-b-´- fp-am-bn-cp-¶p. H-cp F-gp-¯p-Im-c-\m-Im³ B-{K-lncm-h-Øm {]-Jym-]-\-¯n-s\-Xn-sc {]-Xn-tj-[n-¨n- ¨v a-{Zm-kn-se-¯n-b A-Nyp-X-sâ Po-hn-X-s¯-bpw cp-¶p. PÀ-a³ F-I-v-kv-{]-j-\n-k-¯n-sâ ssh-Im- kÀ-¤-k-¦-ev-]-§ -sf-bpw am-än-a-dn-¨-Xv 's]m-¶m-\ncn-I-X-bn-epw Bân-þ-dn-b-en-k-¯nÂ-\n-¶pw
¡ -f-cn'bp-sS A-a-c-¡ m-c-\m-b Fw. tKm-hn-μ-\p-amtNm-Z-\w DÄ-s¡ m-v, I-e-bn cm-{ão-b-ap-mbp-Å B-ß-_-Ô-am-Wv. tKm-hn-μ-sâ ]-{Xm-[n-]-XytI--Xv
A-\n-hm-cy-am-Wv F-¶ Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-bÀ- ¯n ]p-d-¯n-d-§ n-bn-cp-¶ 'k-ao-£ ' t]m-ep-Å {]- ¯n-¸n-Sn-¨-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p A-hÀ. A-e-I-v-kv am-Xyp- kn-²o-I-c-W-§ -fn F-gp-Xp-I-bpw h-c-bv-¡ p-Ihpw Xn-cp-h-\-´-]p-c-s¯ k-l-]mTn-bm-bn-cp-¶ bpw sN-bv-X A-Nyp-X-s\, Nn-{X-I-e-bp-sS A-\-´- sI.Fw. a-[p-kq-Z-\-\pw _-tdm-U-bn ]T-\w km-[y-X-I-fn-te-¡ v ssI-]n-Sn-¨p-bÀ-¯n-b-Xv Fw. Xp-S-§ n-b Im-e-¯v "hy-h-Øn-Xn-sb A-«n-a-dn-¡ p- tKm-hn-μ-sâ k-Z-Êp-I-fpw A-hn-Sp-s¯ _u-²n-I ¶ amÀ-I-v-kn-Ìv C-´y³ I-e' F-¶ e-£ yw Xp-S- kw-hm-Z-§ -fp-am-bn-cp-¶p. cp-¶-Xn-\m-bn Ir-jv-W-Ip-am-dpw A-h-tcm-sSm-¸w sI.kn.F-kv. ]-Wn-¡ À Xp-S-¡ -an-«a-{Zm-kv aqtNÀ-¶p.
hv--saân-sâ `m-K-am-bn am-dn-b A-Nyp-X³, a-{Zm-kv Khn-iz-`m-c-Xn kÀ-h-I-em-im-e-bn-se im-´n- h¬-saâv tIm-tf-Pv Hm-^v BÀ-«v B³-Uv {Im-^v-äv- \n-tI-X-\n hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\-Sn-b B-fm-bn-cp-¶p kn-se Cu-h-\nw-Kv tIm-gv-kn-eq-sS-bm-Wv X-sâ I-em- Ir-jv-W-Ip-amÀ. 1970þ-I-fn-epw '80þ-I-fn-epw C-´y- ]T-\w ap-t¶m-«p sIm-p-t]m-b-Xv.
Xp-SÀ-¶v tNm-fbn-se cm-{ão-b-þ-km-aq-ln-I {]-£ p-Ï-X-I-sf {]- a-ÞÂ BÀ-«n-Ìv-kv hn-tÃ-Pp-am-bn A-t±-lw Zr-V- Xn-^-en-¸n-¨p-sIm-v
"C-´y³ dm-Un-¡ Â s]-bn- am-b ku-lr-Z-hpw k-l-hm-k-hpw ]p-eÀ-¯n. k-atâ-gv-kv Bâv k-v-IÄ-]v-tä-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb- Im-en-I-cm-b ]-e Nn-{X-Im-c-·m-cpw tc-Jm-Nn-{X-§ -fnj³' (RASA) cq-]o-I-cn-¡ m³ t\-Xr-Xzw \Â-In. te-¡ pw cq-]-]-c-am-b B-hn-jv-Im-c-§ -fn-te-¡ pw bp-hm-¡ -fp-sS cq-]-§ -sf tI-{μo-I-cn-¨v in-ev-]- figurative art) {i-² tI-{μo-I-cn-¨-t¸mÄ, A-Nyp-X³ § Ä XoÀ-¯ Ir-jv-W-Ip-am-dn-sâ 1985þ-se "hm- Iq-S-ÃqÀ Xn-c-sª -Sp-¯-Xv ip-²-am-b A-aqÀ-¯-Xkv--tIm-U-Km-a' F-¶ in-ev-]w sIm-tfm-Wn-b-enbp-sS h-gn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. F-
Lyrical Abstraction k-¯n-s\-Xn-sc-bp-Å i-à-am-b cm-{ão-b {]-Jym-
¶mÂ, A-t±-l-¯n-sâ Im³-hm-kp-I-fn Xn-f-§ n-