¯c-sam-cp km-l-N-cy-¯n F-§ -s\ C-S-s]-S- Wv ap-t¶m-«p-t]m-Ip-¶-Xv. tI-{μ kÀ-¡ m-cn-sâ B- W-sa-¶-Xv kw-_-Ôn-¨v Iq-Sp-X hy-à-X h-cp- tKm-f-hÂ-¡ -c-W \-b-§ Ä-¡ pw, hÀ-¤o-b A-P-- A-¯-cw Im-cy-§ -fpw Cu hn-im- IÄ¡ pw Io-gv-s¸-«p-sIm-m-Wv ap-t¶m-«p-t]m-Ipt¯--Xp-v.
¶-Xv. Cu \-b-k-ao-]-\-§ Ä tI-c-fw t\-Sn-b t\-« e I-½n-än-bp-sS ]-cn-K-W-\-¡ v h-cp-¶-Xm-Wv. cm-Py-¯v `-c-W-L-S-\m aq-ey-§ -sf X-IÀ-¯v § -sf-Ãmw X-IÀ-¡ p-¶-hn-[-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. Cu km-lap-t¶-dm³ {i-an-¡ p-¶ kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-\v aq-¶v N-cy-¯n \mw t\-Sn-b t\-«-§ -sf kw-c-£ n-¡ m-\p- C-Xn-\v C-S- Å {]-hÀ-¯-\§ -fpw cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯p-I F-¶-Xpw ko-äv tI-c-f¯n t\-Sm-\m-bn-«p-v. bm-¡ n-b km-l-N-cy-§ -sf i-cn-bm-b co-Xn-bn C-Xn-sâ `m-K-am-bn h-cp-¶-Xm-Wv. sX-c-sª -Sp-¸v
]-cm-P-b-¯n-sâ
]-cn-tim-[n-¨v A-h-sc ]-cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn- \p-Å IÀ-½-]-²-Xn-IÄ B-hn-jv-¡ -cn-¡ p-I F- ¯n FÂ.Un.F-^v X-IÀ-¶p-sh-¶v a-\x-¸m-b-k- ¶p-Å-Xpw {]-[m-\-s¸-«D-¯-c-hmZn-Xz-am-bn Cu ap-®p-¶hÀ tI-c-f-¯n-sâ N-cn-{X-s¯ A-dn-bm-¯- hn-im-e I-½n-än-bp-sS ap-¼m-sI I-S-¶p-h-cp-¶- h-cm-b-Xp-sIm-m-Wv.
Xm-Wv. P-\-§ Ä-¡ n-S-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡ p-¶ ]mÀ-«n 1948 ]mÀ-«n \n-tcm-[n-¡ -s¸-«p, 1964 ssN-\ Nm-c- F-¶ \n-e-bn A-Xn-\n-S-bn h-¶n-«p-Å t]m- ·m-sc-¶v ]-d-ª v P-bn-en-e-S-¨p, 1975 A-Sn-b-´-cmcm-bv--a-IÄ F-s´m-s¡ -bm-sW-¶v Ku-c-h-am-bn h-kv--Y Im-e-¯pw k-am-\ A-\p-`-h-ap-m-bn. ]-cn-tim-[n-¨v Xn-cp-¯p-¶-Xn-\p-Å ]-²-Xn-IÄ X- 1977se sX-c-sª -Sp-¸nÂ
C-´y-bn-se-¼m-Spw ¿m-dm-¡ p-I F-¶Xpw Cu tbm-K-¯n-sâ {]-[m- tIm¬-{K-kv ]-cm-P-b-s¸-«-t¸mÄ tI-c-f-¯n-em-Wv \-s¸-«e-£ y-am-Wv. ]mÀ-Sn Aw-K-§ -fp-sS t_m- A-hÀ-¡ v ap-t¶-äap-m-¡ m-\m-b-Xv. F-Ãm tem-Iv-- [ \n-e-hm-c-hpw, {]-hÀ-¯-\ £ -a-X-bpw D-bÀ- k-`m ko-än-epw ]mÀ-«n-bpw, ap-¶-Wn-bpw ]-cm-P-b- ¯p-¶-Xn-\v ]-²-Xn-IÄ G-sXm-s¡ -bm-sW-¶v s¸-«p. \n-b-a-k-`-bn e-`n¨-Xv 17 ko-äv am-{X-am-Wv. A-Xv ]n-¶n-«m-Wv 18 tem-Iv--k-`m ko-än P-bn-¡ p-¶n-
NÀ-¨ sN-¿p-¶ tbm-Kw Iq-Sn-bm-Wv C-Xv. ap-X-em-fn-¯ k-aq-l-¯n-\-I-¯m-Wv \mw {]- S-¯pw, 99 \n-b-a-k-`m ko-äv P-bn-¡ p-¶n-S-t¯-¡ pw hÀ-¯n-¡ p-¶-Xv. I-½yq-Wn-kv--äv ]mÀ-«n-bm-I-s« F-¯n-t¨À-¶-Xv. 1957, 1967, 1980 F-¶o hÀ-j-§ -fn 2 hÀ-jw am-{Xap-X-em-fn-¯¯n-s\ X-IÀ-¯v tkm-jy-en-kv--äv ]-cn-{i-an-¡ p-¶-h- am-Wv ]mÀ-«n-¡ v `-c-W-¯n-en-cn-¡ m³ km-[n-¨-Xv.
hy-h-kv--Y kr-ãn-¡ m³ th-n cm-Wv. ap-X-em-fn-¯ k-aql-¯n-sâ sX-äm-b 1987  A-Xv 4 hÀ-j-am-bn. 1996em-Wv 5 hÀ-jw Nn-´-IÄ kzm-`m-hn-I-am-bpw ]mÀ-Sn-bn I-S-¶v Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn kw-kv--Ym-\w `-cn-¡ m³ ]mÀ-Sn-bp-sS A-h Xn-cp-¯p-¶-Xn\p-Å `m-hn t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-ep-Å kÀ-¡ m-cn-\v I-gn-ª -Xv. 2016\v h-cm-\n-S-bp-v. ]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ-¡ pw Cu tbm-Kw Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp- ti-j-am-Wv Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn 10 hÀ-jw FÂ.Un.F-^v `-cn¨-Xv. Xn-cn-¨-Sn-I-sf A-Xn-Po-hn-¨v I-cp-t¯m-sS
¡ pw. hn-im-e kw-kv--Ym-\ I-½n-än ]mÀ-Sn-sb Iq-Sp- ap-t¶m-«p-h-¶ A-\p-`-h-am-Wv ]mÀ-«n-¡ p-Å-Xv. hnaÀ-i-\-hpw, kz-bw hn-aÀ-i-\-hpw \-S-¯n-s¡ m-v
XÂ DuÀ-Ö-kz-e-X-tbm-sS ap-t¶m-«p-sIm-pt]m-Im-\p-Å {]-hÀ-¯-\-§ Ä-¡ m-Wv t\-Xy-Xzw P-\m-[n-]-Xy tI-{μo-I-c-WXz-¯n-tâ-bpw DÄ-¸mÀ-«n \Â-Ip-I. hn-aÀ-i-\ kz-bw hn-aÀ-i-\-¯n-eq-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xy¯n-tâ-bpw kw-L-S-\mco-Xn D-]-tbm-Kn- C-h \-S-¸n-em-¡ p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv e-£ yw sh-¡ p- ¨m-Wv ]mÀ-Sn ap-t¶m-«p-h-¶-Xv. Cu Xn-cn-¨-Sn-tb-bpw ]mÀ-Sn A-Xn-Pohn-¡ pw. A-Xn-\p-Å Xo-cp-am-\-§ Ä
¶-Xv. tI-c-f-¯n-se bp.Un.F-^v K-h¬-saâv tI-c- Cu hn-im-e k-t½-f-\-¯n-ep-m-Ipw. fw t\-Sn-b t\-«-§ -sf-Ãmw X-IÀ-¡ p-¶ hn-[-am-
“_qÀ-jzm P-\m-[n-]-Xyw a-[y-Im-e-s¯ A-t]-£ n-¨v N-cn-{X-]-c-am-bn h-ensbm-cp ]p-tcm-K-Xnbm-sW-¶n-cn-¡ -bpw, ap-X-em-fn-¯-¯n³ Io-gn hn-tijn-¨pw ]-cn-an-X-s¸-«pw, A-e-t¦m-e-s¸- pw, A-k-Xy-hpw Im-]-Sy-hpw \n-d-ª pw C-cn-¡ m-t\ \n-hr-¯n-bp-Åp. k-¼-¶À-¡ v A-Xv kzÀ-¤- am-Wv. aÀ-±n-XÀ-¡ pw Z-cn-{ZÀ-¡ pw A-Xv sI-Wn-bpw \-c-I-hp-a-s{X. amÀ-Iv--kn-sâ kn-²m-´-§ -fpsS G-ä-hpw Im-X-em-bn-«p-Å k-Xyw a-\-Ên-em-¡ p-¶-Xn-em-Wv Iu-Sv--kv--In ]-cm-P-b-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv. Cu au-en-I {]-iv--\-¯n-t·Â _qÀ-jzm-kn-sb '{]o-Xn-s¸ Sp-¯m'\m-Wv Iu-Sv-kv--In an-\-s¡ -«n-«p- Å-Xv. A-Ãm-sX _qÀ-jzm P-\m-[n-]-Xy-s¯ k-¼-¶-cp-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xy-am-¡ n-¯oÀ-¡ p-¶ kml-N-cy § -sf-s´-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än im-kv-{Xo-b-am-bn H-cp \n-cq-]-Ww \-S-¯m-\m-hpw." þ-se-\n³ (sXm-gn-em-fn-hÀ-K-h-© -I-\m-b Iu-Sv-kv--In-bpw)