Basic Information
Test for confirmation of CTD & Autoimmune Disorders ANA ELISA | ANA IIF | ANA/ ENA Profile | HLA-B27 PCR
Over the last ten years, ANA testing has experienced significant advances. Improvements in automation, the development of new methods and a clearer understanding of the diagnostic utility of this testing have widened the options for laboratories. Following methodologies to detect antinuclear antibodies are available with us: ANA by ELISA: Antinuclear antibody (ANA) tests identify antibodies present in serum that bind to autoantigens present in the nuclei of mammalian cells using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. It can be used for the qualitative/cumulative in vitro assay for human autoantibodies of the immunoglobulin class IgG against 27 antigens. ANA by IIF: Indirect immunofluorescence antibody technique, having a high sensitivity, is now considered the Gold standard for screening/detection, expressed in terms of the pattern and intensity of fluorescence and the titer of a positive test. It is possible to detect many autoantibodies using the HEp-2 cells. This technique has high sensitivity (95%–100% for the diagnosis of SLE), and the staining pattern may provide a clue to the diagnosis. ANA/ENA Profile by LIA: Line immunoassay technique is used for semi-quantitative detection of human autoantibodies of the IgG class to 17 different antigens: Mi-2, Ku, nRNP, Sm, SS-A (SS-A native and Ro-52), SS-B, Scl-70, PM-Scl, Jo-1, CENP B, PCNA, dsDNA, nucleosomes, histones, ribosomal P-protein & AMA-M2. This test may be performed on ALL POSITIVE serum samples for better semi-quantitative evaluation. HLA B27 PCR: Test for detection of a unique HLA-B27 antigen using PCR technique is available. This antigen is a protein found on the surface of white blood cells fighting infection. The most common autoimmune disorders connected with HLA-B27 antigen are Ankylosing spondylitis - a form of arthritis that affects the spine, Juvenile arthritis - which occurs in children and Reactive arthritis - a type of arthritis in the joints.